Gadgetory

hello there my name is Gary Sims rounder Authority and today I'm going to try not to the question what is the Internet of Things the Internet as we know it is going to change today it's a massive global network that allows people to communicate with each other we send emails we send instant messages we use websites to communicate to share data and it is the people who drive the internet the data that we send comes from client devices like a laptop or a PC or a tablet or a smartphone and it go to some servers and the servers then transmit that data that information on further in that sense we can say that the entities made up of three major actors the people the client devices they use and the servers but a whole new category of actor is being added to the Internet they've been unglamorous Lee called things hence the term instead of things so what is a thing we really do any object that has a sensor attached to it that can transmit the data from that sensor further up into the Internet into the cloud where it can be analyzed and used to make decisions examples of such centers include temperature sensors traffic sensors flow rate sensors energy usage monitors and so on a temperature sensor can be placed in a smart thermostat a smart electricity usage meter can be wired into a house or a traffic monitor can be placed into a traffic signal these things then send data further up the chain and either a person or a piece of computer software makes a decision based on that data it won't be long and maybe it's already happened but there will be more things on the internet sending data around an actual people using Internet enabled devices the cell phone the internet email social media and smart phones have all changed the way we do things both at a personal level and at a business level clearly the Internet of Things will do the same thing our personal lives and our professional lives will be affected how will be affected isn't fully it understood but for sure it will change things there are several big challenges ahead for the embryonic Internet of thing there are technological challenges in terms of the actual devices that collect and send data these challenges includes both hardware and software issues like battery life maintenance interoperability incompatibility there are big data issues around building systems that can produce all this data and use it to achieve meaningful tasks there are also security and privacy problems who wants to have a smart home that can be hacked nobody does or worse still a smart hospital that can be breached remotely as we move from the individual smart homes to smart cities which have smart transport systems and smart infrastructure then all these issues become more complex and more difficult to solve correctly the reality of the intent of things from a consumer point of view to the giant leap forward this year when Samsung's co-ceo took to the stage at CES 2015 to declare that all Samsung products will be instead of things enabled within five years if 2020 sounds like a long way off to you he also said that 90% of Samsung's products would be able to connect to the web by 2017 Samsung's plans are for every washing machine every air-conditioning unit and every microwave oven to be IOT enabled and five years from now every single piece of Samsung Hardware will be an IOT device whether it is an air purifier or an oven in his speech the co-ceo also highlighted that the IOT experience needs to be seamless for the consumer the IOT experience has traditionalists I predict this journey to the seamless experience will be quite bumpy however there are companies like arm who are trying their best to smooth out the road as we go towards the end of 2014 arm announced a new operating system to boost the development of IOT devices called MV OS it's a free operating system for arms cortex-m range of microcontrollers one of the key points about M bed OS is that it supports the important IOT protocols and allows anybody from a hobbyist developer to a multimillion-dollar corporation to prote and develop IOT devices embed OS will include all the functionality needed to create an IOT device and to transmit that data to the cloud it supports a lot of different communication stacks including ipv4 ipv6 6lowpan Bluetooth Wi-Fi 2g GSM and 3G the interesting thing about embed OS is that it falls into a very special class of operating system when we think about a smart phone it comes with an operating system like Android and Android itself is built on Linux and Linux is what we call a multitasking operating system and the resources in a modern-day smartphone are quite large you've got a quad core maybe an octa-core processor core GPU you've got one gigs to gigs three gigs of ram maybe eight gigs of internal storage and so on a typical IOT device will have a processor that runs at just 100 megahertz not 1.5 gigahertz or 2 gigahertz like a smart phone it'll only have maybe 4 K of memory or 96 K of memory in the biggest case is 256 K of memory and that's very different to 3 gigabytes of memory that we see in a smart phone it only have a tiny bit of storage maybe 32 K 64 K or flash storage that means that Internet of Things devices need a special type of operating system so I said there were 4 types of operating system the multitasking operating system is like Android and like Linux there's another type of operating system which is called artists or a real-time operating system these are found in very small debated devices that you're getting cars in planes and industrial applications and they are specialty type of operating system that worries about how the scheduler works how things happen in what order they happen where they happen within a certain time constraint now that sounds good for IOT but that kind of system can be quite battery hungry or not very power efficient another approach is called the bare metal approach it really isn't an operating system in itself basically you have a loop that goes round round and round and round around for infinity and you run your code inside that loop checking everything and just doing everything if you've used an Arduino you'll be familiar with that kind of here the problem is that can't be maintained once the project gets particularly large it also doesn't allow for scheduling it doesn't allow for certain other things as well so it has its limitations and that brings us to the fourth type of operating system which is a low-power operating system an operating system is designed just to conserve power while performing its functions typically these operating systems are event-driven rather than using polling always checking to see what's going on and that's the kind of category that the embed OS fits into it's very useful for interesting devices so what does the init of things look like in terms of its structure it's quite simple at the thing end you have a small device which monitors something a door a window heart rate monitor a temperature monitor whatever these devices transmit that data to another more complicated device it could be a smartphone it could be a control unit of some kind like a smart thermostat or it could be a dedicated device that acts as a gateway to the Internet this last category of device is known as an IOT gateway they are important because the sensors often don't have a direct connection to the Internet they probably only have bluetooth or some other low-power connectivity like ZigBee once the IOT gateway has received the data from the sensor it can be sent further up into the cloud part of arm strategy can be seen with its MBOs device server while a web server would accept connections from web browsers running on pcs or smartphones the embed OS device server handles connections from IOT devices it uses open source protocols including HTTP for data communication and for device management the embed OS device server would sit behind an IOT gateway and would use the Gateway to talk to the IOT devices it can also send the collected data higher up into the cloud imagine you wanted to control the temperature in your house your air-conditioning unit will be monitoring the temperature and either keeping it at a certain level or it would be programmed to come on at a set hour this data is collected and sent up to the cloud by IOT gateway via a server for you to monitor via the web or on your smartphone if you manage to get out of work early you might want to switch on the air-conditioning earlier so that the house is nice and cool when you arrive you can send that command via your smart phone and it will be relayed back down the chain to the unit you can imagine other scenarios about the same thing to do with traffic control street lighting and so on and so on this all sounds very utopian but of course there are dangers with all these devices sending data and receiving commands it won't be long before the hackers are drawn in a recent security report from Intel's McAfee labs singled out IOT as a potential area for security problems the report says that IOT rated attacks will increase due to the predicted fast growth of the number of connected devices many of which will unfortunately have poor levels of security in 2013 at a white hat security conference it was demonstrated that you could hack webcams that were connected to the Internet and the hackers were able to watch what was going on with the webcams last year there were several different reports about baby monitors that had been hacked and the attackers were watching the video feed of the babies in their rooms in extreme cases they were even screaming at the babies and waking them up and frightening them last year the BBC ran a story about a website that was dedicated just a streaming video feed from hacked webcams and baby monitors this is creepy and quite disturbing but unfortunately it's the world that we live in however moving on another important concept of the Internet of Things is m2m or machine to machine at one level m2m is what it says it is a way for one machine to talk to another machine however in this context it means how a connected device talks to the cloud it also includes how these devices are managed m2m isn't new in the sense that we are all used to one device talking to another file transfers over Bluetooth app updates over Wi-Fi even emails are examples of how one machine talks to another machine to achieve a specific task however the special thing about m2m in terms of Intel things is that these connected devices have a a low power usage they aren't always on or awake and see are limited in terms of their resources like processing power and memory and so on all this technology sounds great for the consumer but probably the big money is to be made on larger scale projects smart building smart cities and IOT navels businesses are where the large contracts are to be one whole infrastructures enabled for IOT or end-to-end business processes using IOT in every step everything from garbage to electricity from trams to taxes from parcels to production lines can be built to use IOT the initial investment will be higher for businesses however the benefits will likely save money in the long term so the IOT revolution has just started and there going to be lots of advancements over the next few years it's going to be interesting to watch the journey until we reach the seamless IOT experience I'm sure along the way we're going to see some great innovation coming from some surprising sources my name is Gary soon from Andrew Authority I hope you enjoyed this video if you did please give it a thumbs up also please use the comment below to tell me what you think about IOT also don't forget to subscribe to anger Authority's YouTube channel and as for me I'll see you in my next video