Gadgetory

this video is brought to you by arrow cool in their new p7c one mid tower computer case with integrated RGB lighting and a tempered glass side panel I'll actually be reviewing the case very soon check out links in the video description for more details we're gonna jump right into the science of this one what's the difference between OLED and IPS what's the difference between OLED and AMOLED for that matter and why have larger mainstream displays taken so long to adopt OLED technology welcome to our crash course playlist I remember my first ever cell phone it actually wasn't too long ago to be frank in middle school I never owned a flip phone the Motorola razors were pretty hot back in that time we're talking like mid to late 2000s my first phone ever was actually in 2011 I want to say and it was a Nexus S when I hit high school i clenched my big boy pants and bought one off contracted sported half a gig of ram 5 megapixel camera and a Super AMOLED display that was the the all that was what I was so intrigued about with Super AMOLED technology was the infinite contrast ratio because each pixel produces its own light and then the really bright yellow toggles if I remember correctly from Gingerbread old-school Android but the colors were supersaturated and whites looked oddly warm look the technology's aged well but some of these characteristics are still present in modern day AMOLED displays so how do they work this one's gonna get pretty technical first off AMOLED stands for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode it describes a single pixel in a display generating its own light using a flat film cathode anode array with a conductive layer of organic material sandwiched in between now how does this all work right this is just a bunch of technical jargon in a nutshell this is a diode which is a one-way current valve TFTs or thin film transistors scatter the substrate and deliver varying electrical signals depending on the picture shown typically two TF T's per pixel store current in a charging capacitor and control voltage output to the pixel and it's discharging that makes AMOLED so friendly for battery life in fact that's what makes amoled amoled passive OLED x' marketed in older products like mp3 players require additional voltage since no charge capacitor is present hence the passive charging they're usually just called all the displays because it sounds a lot better than pima led most tech using OLED technology today though including phones and TVs uses active matrix displays so think of each pixel as its own triple light bulb config with its own power source when the screen needs to be brighter more current is supplied to each that's pretty rudimentary but the material comprising the substrate of each section of the pixel determines its color it's like that for most LEDs out there aluminum gallium indium phosphate for red LEDs and indium gallium nitride for blues and greens when OLED displays need to depict white all substrates illuminate according to the screens color calibration and when it needs to depict black all current is shut off providing that infinite contrast ratio for which all the displays are so well regarded additionally viewing angles are spectacular since cathode anode sandwiches are so thin just throw a gorilla glass panel atop and you're all set now in the case of IPS technology an individual pixel does not produce its own light that's usually what people will say when they're trying to describe the difference between IPs and AMOLED standing for in-plane switching it represents an attempt to improve previous TN LCD downfalls including trash viewing angles and inaccurate color reproduction modern IPS panels are still active matrix panels in the same way AMOLED screens are utilizing charge capacitors but they rely on an LED backlight for illumination instead of the substrate sandwich OLED displays use IPS pixels use LCS or liquid crystals to control the flow of light from the source underneath usually an LED or CCFL that's why this is called IPS LCD technology they're aligned with the surface of the glass above and are oriented in such a way to block light from the source which is ultimately never shut off when more current is applied to a pixel from two electrodes underneath the liquid crystals twist up to 90 degrees hence inter plane switching to allow for more or less light to pass through the glass substrate depending on the calibration TN panels typically require current to close rather than open so it's backwards they're polarizer straighten the light into uniform lines and color filters shade the light into red green and blue tints picture this process for the three sub pixels that comprise an RGB array red images will only result in an LC shift under the red substrate for example white activates all three and black keeps the crystals oriented in-plane with the glass preventing most of the light underneath from passing through it won't fully cut off the light which is why you have some extent of backlight bleed and a contrast ratio that is not infinite so these are the technologies in a nutshell and I have the Xiaomi me six in the one plus five to depict the pros and cons of each technology the me six has a beautiful 1080p IPS display colors are accurate sharp and vivid although for most IPS panels viewing angles are excellent this ones aren't too great I realized that after the fact in fact this is one of the best IPS implementations I've ever seen with that exception but this isn't foolproof contrast ratios are excellent but not infinite as you should expect with this technology so you'll be able to see a bit of the backlight bleeding through this isn't usually a deal breaker but it is evident even when the crystals are in-plane with the glass also the displays brightness is slightly dimmer than that of the AMOLED counterpart on the 1 + 5 since both electrodes and IPS pixels are placed below the LCS less light is allowed to pass between them from the backlight source and that backlight is the Achilles heel here the DOP 5s OLED display by contrast presents slightly oversaturated coloring this is perhaps most noticeable in the red coloring for AMOLED displays the YouTube logo here is supersaturated whereas the me6 offers a subtle interpretation additionally a depiction of black here results in an absolute shut off of the pixel or pixels in question and because there's no backlight the contrast is literally infinite no light will be emitted from these zones apart from the over saturation though OLED displays are disadvantageous in a few other respects for one as brightness of the display increases its depiction of white becomes less accurate as shown in this graph white backgrounds consume significantly more power in AMOLED displays an IPS one since all sub pixels must be set to max brightness whereas IPS technology provides consistent lighting from the backlight underneath so manufacturers will often limit the brightness of some sub pixels in these AMOLED displays to conserve battery life adversely affecting white balance OLED displays also experience some degree of burnin over time since the light source and thus heat source is much closer to the phosphor coating under the glass it's mitigated well in today's technology but the same Nexus as I told you about earlier suffered a great degree of burnin after about a year's use now in my opinion AMOLED is the superior technology and extremely mobile devices like cell phones I love the infinite contrast ratios and I'm usually okay with the over saturation calibrated to an extent in most smartphones nowadays anyway but for laptops and desktops I've got to say I enjoy IPS a bit more particularly Apple's iteration of this technology and their Retina displays the color reproduction is insane a huge plus for content creators their displays also appear softer on the eyes just hold an iPhone 7 next to a galaxy device and you'll see what I mean it's really all preferential this is just what I personally prefer with my mobile devices if you liked this video like the content in it be sure to give this one a thumbs up thumbs down for the opposite be sure to click the subscribe but if you haven't already and stay tuned for more content like this on the channel this is science studio thanks for learning with us you