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gas welding perhaps the easiest two most common ways had joined several metal parts is gas welding is popular due to the fact that the equipment is simple gas or welding mixtures are sold everywhere and the energy source doesn't have to be high power with gas welding the metal is heated gently and slowly so this joining method can only be used for conventional or tools steel non-ferrous metals and cast iron the thickness of the metal must not exceed 5 millimeters either pay attention to the white color of the flame this means that a mixture of oxygen and fuel gas is used the welding methods shown in the video looks quite original the flame flux is well adjusted and provides excellent adhesion friction welding friction welding is often used to join different metals and thermoplastics in the aerospace and automotive industries it's a type of pressure welding in which two metal surfaces are joined by deforming the area in which they come into contact in this particular case one of the parts to be welded rotates or moves in relation to the other friction is then generated by this interaction and it heats the contact area resulting in direct welding the process can be divided into three stages during the first stage the frictional force destroys and removes the oxide films present on the surface in the initial state during the second stage heat is released and the material becomes moldable under its influence first temporary contact occurs but then it breaks the parts are pressed with constant or increasing pressure which causes the most moldable parts of the pieces to be welded to be extruded from the joint finally the third step is the end of friction it's completed by the formation of a welded joints this whirling method was first used in 1956 afterward she was actively introduced into the industry worldwide hyperbaric welding if you've ever wondered how underwater welding is done you're about to see it the main feature of this welding is that it's carried out at high pressure hyperbaric welding is applied when it's necessary to repair a ship an oil platform pipes and other metallic structures submerged underwater a special waterproof electrode adapted to these conditions is used in the welding process if other equipment is used there is a high risk of electric shock the electric arc increases the temperature of the workpiece and the electrode the melted metal is transferred to the work pieces by means of a gaseous bubble it forms around the arc due to the disintegration of the flux layer on the electrode the electric current causes the metal droplets to travel from the electrode to the surface to be treated performing the welding process it should be noted that the work must be done with care and more importantly quickly as the joint cooling speed is higher in the water Forge welding this is the first technical process in human history to create inseparable metallic compounds studies of ancient metal objects have shown that people began to use forging in the fourth or third millennium BC modern Forge welding is mostly done with the help of hydraulic hammers and presses this type of welding has practically no advantages it may seem that the process is quite simple the metal parts are heated until it become moldable then the surfaces to be welded are covered and molded with the impacts from the tool however the process is far from easy in fact it requires a blacksmith with knowledge experience and high qualifications other disadvantages of this type of welding are low productivity and low strength joints as a result due to these characteristics forging can only be done with a few metals nowadays it's mainly used in adverse conditions when machine parts and equipment have to be repaired without being able to use complex technology it should be noted that the parts must be of low-carbon structural steel the carbon content should not exceed not 0.3% otherwise the weldability of the metal is drastically reduced electron beam welding the first electron beam welding plant was created in 1958 today this equipment is widely used to weld refractory and highly reactive metals in the space and aeronautical industries in instrument manufacture and other similar fields hietzing and welding are possible thanks to the kinetic energy of the electrons produced by the beam a special electron gun produces the beam electron beam welding is used when it's necessary to obtain a high quality steel with deep penetration welding for large metal structures advantages of this method include the fact that in the process the melted metal is not saturated with gases in addition the high heat concentration allows even thick metals up to 200 millimetres to be welded in a single pass however there are also disadvantages the process must be carried out in a special vacuum chamber in addition the world route may have lack of fusion submerged arc welding this welding technique is used in stationary workshop conditions and can be used with any metal and alloys with a thickness of one and a half to a hundred and fifty millimeters the welding is done by electric arc it burns under the flux layer between the end of the welding wire and the metal to be welded the electrode cable is automatically formed in the arc o special mechanisms one contact carries the welding currents of the wire and the other to the metal this welding method shows higher productivity and minimal metal losses in addition the welding zone is protected to the maximum since the arc burns under the flux layer there's no splashing and no need for protection devices against light laser beam welding if you need to connect identical or heterogeneous metal parts for electronic or radio devices most of the time you should opt for laser beam welding as you can guess the laser acts as an energy source it was first used in the 1960s when the first continuous wave and pulsed laser systems appeared the welding process is quite simple the laser beam is directed to the focusing system becoming a beam with a smaller cross-section and hitting the parts to be welded partially reflected the laser beam penetrates the material the metal then absorbs it heating up and melting this is how welding joints are formed interestingly this welding method is much more environmentally friendly compared to traditional welding techniques exothermic welding the powder mixture consisting of mill scale and metallic aluminium or magnesium is called thermite in exothermic welding this powder is used to heat the metal aluminium based thermite is used when it's necessary to bond steel and cast iron parts in most cases it's used to process rail and pipe joints weld cracks and weld over light the parts to be joined are processed with a refractory material after which they are heated the melted thermite is ignited and then used to fill the welding sites thus the liquid iron which is formed in the process melts with the main material creating a strong weld magnesium based thermite is used to repair telephone and telegraph wires and all kinds of cables hey stop being lazy it's time to use that brain of yours welcome to brain time incredible facts from the past the present and even the future the power of nature and wild animals amazing facts and unsolved mysteries you'll find all this and much more hair subscribe now you won't regret it